[JT] Rover P4 Dropheads and Coupes

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Before the Second World War, Rover offered some models with delightful drophead coupé bodies that were coachbuilt by Salmons & Sons, who used the Tickford brand name. Prototype Tickford drophead bodies were built for the post-war P3 models, too, but the P3s’ production life was too short to justify a catalogued model.
However, Rover pursued the idea of a drophead coupé for the P4 models. Again, no production cars followed, but some very attractive prototypes were built. As the celebrations around 75 years of the P4 take place this weekend, I thought I should take a look at them.

Thanks for reading this post. It’s number 99 in the series that I started in July 2022. Please click the “Like” button if you enjoy it. If you want to share it or copy it, go ahead – but don’t forget to acknowledge where you found it (James Taylor's facebook page), and remember that “shares” do not automatically copy over the Comments and therefore the pictures that are included in them.

ROVER P4 DROPHEADS AND COUPÉS

The Tickford prototypes

The first of the drophead designs for the P4 grew out of the work done to build the first gas turbine car, JET 1. Rover asked Tickford to make its special body which, because of the mid-mounted engine, had to be an open car rather than a saloon.

The sleek two-door body that Tickford delivered was a great success, and there can be little doubt that it revived Chief Engineer Maurice Wilks’ enthusiasm for a new Rover drophead coupé. It was probably not long after JET 1 was revealed to the public in March 1950 that he asked the coachbuilder to design and build a three-position drophead coupé body for the P4, using the lines of JET 1 as far as possible. For good measure, he also asked for a fixed-head version of the same design.
Tickford’s first prototype was a Black drophead coupé, which was back at Solihull by early August 1950. It was stunningly attractive – and it certainly attracted the attention of the local Solihull MP, Sir Martin Lindsay. To cut a long story short, he persuaded Rover to sell it to him, which they did in late October after first registering it as KNX 518. Many years later, Sir Martin recalled paying £1000 for it, which was something of a bargain when a standard P4 saloon cost just over £1163! No doubt the knowledge that two more cars were on order from Tickford made Rover less reluctant to part with the car than they might otherwise have been.

It was probably in August that two more 75 saloons were pulled from the assembly lines and delivered to Tickford for that company to work its magic. One became a second drophead coupé, and the other its fixed-head counterpart. The drophead was finished in Pastel Blue; the fixed-head was in a non-production light grey colour with a roof covering of rubberised canvas duck material that made it look like a drophead coupé from a distance. This car had a large, wrap-around rear window that was divided into three sections by vertical chromed strips and was undoubtedly the inspiration for the new rear window on the 1955-model P4 saloons.

Rover seem to have used these cars on trade plates while doing their evaluation. However, by summer 1951, a decision had clearly been made not to put them into production. Rover registered the fixed-head car as LAC 447 in May before selling it on to the Henlys dealership in London. The drophead became LOK 918 in July and was probably registered by Collier’s of Birmingham, another major Rover dealer. Both cars were subsequently sold to customers, but only the drophead survives today; the fixed-head car was scrapped some time around 1970.

Exactly why the project was brought to an end is not clear, although one possibility is that the cancellation during 1951 of the contract for Land-Rover Station Wagon bodies from Tickford led to a situation where Rover did not feel they could negotiate another contract with the company. Another possibility is that Maurice Wilks believed it would be preferable to go for a more glamorous body design than could be achieved on the basis of the production saloon body – and his next move would certainly support that suggestion.
 
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The Pinin Farina prototypes

By the early 1950s, Italian coachbuilders were setting the pace for stylistic innovation in the motoring world. One reason for this was that the cottage-industry nature of much of the Italian coachbuilding business enabled it to risk innovation at a time when major coachbuilders in Britain were focusing on conservative designs as their market contracted. Another was that the new Italian marque of Ferrari was producing exciting cars that were for the most part bodied in Italy and therefore served as a glamorous advertisement for Italian coachbuilding.

Pinin Farina was one of the rising stars among the Italian coachbuilders during the late 1940s. The company had been founded in 1930 but was relatively little known outside Italy until some striking post-war designs attracted global attention, especially some for Lancia. Known after 1960 as Pininfarina (all one word), the company took its name from Battista Farina, who was the younger brother of the coachbuilder Giovanni Farina; Pinin is a Torinese dialect word meaning the youngest of the family.

Maurice Wilks was already attracted to Lancia’s advanced engineering – their V6 engine and rear transaxle fascinated him, and he had Rover buy a Lancia for examination early in 1953 – and it may well have been this that led him to look more closely at what Carrozzeria Pinin Farina was doing. He liked what he saw, and he probably reasoned that a glamorous body designed by a fashionable Italian coachbuilder would give Rover a valuable edge in the relatively limited market for drophead coupé models. The obvious competitor models from Armstrong-Siddeley, Riley and others were still resolutely pre-war in appearance, and would be no real threat.

By November 1951, he had decided to commission Pinin Farina to build a prototype drophead coupé on the existing P4 chassis. The revised 1952 75 models were just about to enter production, and the first right-hand drive export chassis was designated for the job. It left Solihull on 1 February 1952 en route to Turin, and was shipped with a number of additional loose items, including a radio and a number of sub-assemblies. These were bolted together because Rover thought the necessary BSF bolts and nuts would be unavailable in Italy!

Exactly when the car returned to Solihull with its new body is not clear, but the first photographs of it appear to date from summer 1953. Sleek and beautifully proportioned, the car was painted a shimmering metallic gold called Satin Bronze, which was matched by beige upholstery and by a deep red convertible top and hood bag. Pinin Farina had also given it a wide, recessed version of the latest Rover grille and a painted metal dashboard rather than the traditional Rover wooden type.

Rover decided to use it to draw attention to the new 60, 75 and 90 models at the Earls Court Show in autumn 1953, and it did not disappoint. The Motor magazine devoted a whole page to it, in which it reported that Rover had already begun discussions about the manufacture of the drophead body in Britain.

No doubt they had, because in early 1954 Mulliner’s of Bordesley Green started work on a “production prototype” – a re-creation of the hand-built Pinin Farina car that adapted the design for low-volume manufacture and was built on a 1954-model 90 chassis. This car was more soberly finished, in dark blue with a cream hood and upholstery. Meanwhile, Rover had also asked Pinin Farina to build a fixed-head coupé using the same lines, and that was built on a November 1953 RHD export chassis. This is thought to have been painted in metallic green.

By mid-1954, it appeared that Maurice Wilks’ dream of P4-based drophead and fixed-head coupés was coming true, but two things caused its sudden demise. One was that Bertie Henly, who owned the big London Rover distributors and was a greatly respected figure in the motor industry, told Rover’s Managing Director SB Wilks that he was not prepared to sell a Rover drophead of any kind because he believed that drophead bodies would never be free of rattles. Perhaps experience with the Tickford P4 drophead had influenced his view! The other was that in June 1954 Mulliner’s signed an agreement with Standard-Triumph to work exclusively for them after existing commitments to other customers were fulfilled.

So the cars were sold off. The original drophead went to Rover dealer Bill Apperley at New Brighton, near Wallasey, for his personal use, and was registered as OGX 576 (it later became NHF 800). The Mulliner copy went to a Harley Street specialist who was married to Bertie Henly’s daughter (and who told me about Henly’s dislike of dropheads). It became RNX 10 in January 1955. The fixed-head coupé remained at Solihull until October 1958, when it was registered as 2082 AC and sold to Senor Tabanera of Tabanera Romagosa, Rover’s Spanish importers. It was converted to LHD and was supposedly later written off in an accident.

There is little doubt that the Pinin Farina coupé had an influence on the design of the Rover 3-litre (P5) saloon that was being prepared in the mid-1950s, and its sale in the very month when the P5 was introduced seems to be further confirmation of that – it had served its purpose. Both the drophead cars survived at the time of writing but this one, sadly, has disappeared.

The Tickford and Pinin Farina cars are of course just the ones we know about. There is also tantalising but unconfirmed evidence of two more two-door P4s. One was a coupé based on the production body panels that SB Wilks told the Board was under development in 1952 (so, after the demise of the Tickford project). The other was a Graber-bodied drophead, mentioned to me by an engineer who drove it, and the subject of two highly credible sightings in later years. Long-term readers will remember that I wrote about this one in a separate post (number 23) in December 2022.

(The first picture shows the gas turbine car, JET 1, as originally built with a conventional windscreen.)
1715347843523.png
 
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The lines of JET 1 worked extremely well when adapted as a drophead coupé. This is the first of the Tickford dropheads, the black car.

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The second Tickford drophead looked superb in Pastel Blue, which was a regular colour for the 75 Cyclops saloons. Here it is after restoration.(Photo by Steve Glover/Wikimedia Commons)

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Photos of the fixed-head Tickford car are vanishingly rare. This one reached me from David Boar many years ago.

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Pinin Farina’s drophead proposal reflected themes he was using at the time on other cars, including Lancias. The wide grille seemed outrageous in the early 1950s.

1715348020413.png
The Pinin Farina design also worked very well as a fixed-head coupé. I have never yet seen a colour picture of this car, and I’ve been looking for more than 40 years, so if you have one….

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The Mulliner copy of the Pinin Farina car was painted a more sober dark blue with cream hood and trim. In the 1990s, it was restored using the colours of the Pinin Farina original. (Photo by Chris Murkin, on Flickr)

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Just in case reading this has inspired you to find out more about the Rover P4 models, for this final Comment I can (modestly) recommend a good book…

(Bryce note: I have his book, although a different edition I think, and is worth the read)

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